Food allergies and intolerances are two distinct conditions that can cause a range of symptoms, from mild discomfort to threatening reactions that can be life-threatening. While both conditions involve an adverse reaction to food, they are triggered by different mechanisms and have distinct characteristics.

Food Allergies

A food allergy occurs when the immune system identifies a food or substance within a food as dangerous, and mounts a defence against it. This reaction can cause a range of symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, cramps, swelling of the tongue, and wheezing. In severe cases, anaphylaxis can occur, which is life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.

Food allergies are often caused by eggs, peanuts, fish, wheat, shellfish, soy, and milk. While allergies tend to run in families, there is no way to predict whether a child will inherit a food allergy from their parents. Approximately 15 million Americans have food allergies, with one in every 13 children affected.

Testing for Allergies

If you suspect you have a food allergy, it is essential to consult with an allergist who can administer tests to determine if an allergy indeed exists. If an allergy is confirmed, you can work with your allergist and a dietitian to avoid trigger foods and treat any reactions that may occur.

Food Intolerances

A food intolerance, on the other hand, is a condition where the body is unable to digest a particular food due to a lack of necessary enzymes or other digestive issues. This can cause symptoms such as stomach cramps, bloating, gas, diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting.

Common examples of food intolerances include irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), lactose intolerance, food poisoning and sensitivities to certain food additives. Celiac disease is sometimes referred to as a gluten allergy or intolerance, although it is medically classified as an autoimmune disorder.

Treatment for Food Intolerances

Symptoms of food intolerances are generally not life-threatening and are limited to digestive issues. Treatment typically involves avoiding problem foods or reducing consumption. In cases of lactose intolerance, individuals may be able to tolerate lactose-free dairy products or small amounts of regular dairy products. There are also supplements available that support the consumption of dairy products.

Conclusion

While both food allergies and intolerances can cause unpleasant symptoms, they are distinct conditions with different causes and characteristics. Understanding the differences between the two conditions is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment. (Universityhealthnewscom)